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tags:
  - 'Gwalior Gharana'
  - 'Patiala Gharana (Khayal)'
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# रामपुर-सहसवान घराना

रामपुर-सहसवान घराना

 

     Vocal Gharana      Uttar Pradesh      Early 19th century  

Founded By

इनायत हुसेन खान

 

**रामपुर-सहसवान घराना** उत्तर प्रदेशको हिन्दुस्तानी कण्ठसंगीतको एक [ख़्याल](/ne-int/vocal/hindustani-classical/khayal) घराना हो, जसको स्थापना **इनायत हुसेन खान**ले गर्नुभयो। उहाँका ज्वाइँ मुश्ताक हुसेन खान (१८८० देखि १९६४)ले उहाँसँग अध्ययन गर्नुभयो। यसको नामले राज्यका दुई सहर, रामपुर र सहसवानलाई जोड्छ। आईटीसी संगीत रिसर्च एकेडेमीले आफूलाई निर्माण गर्ने गुरुहरूमा निसार हुसेन खानलाई सहसवान घरानाअन्तर्गत र इश्तियाक हुसेन खानलाई रामपुर घरानाअन्तर्गत सूचीबद्ध गरेको छ। एक्लै प्रयोग हुँदा रामपुर घराना नामले वाद्यसंगीतको रामपुर सेनिया परम्परालाई पनि जनाउन सक्छ।

गुलाम मुस्तफा खानको परिवारले इनायत हुसेन खानले [ग्वालियर घराना](/ne-int/gharana/gwalior-gharana)का हद्दू खानकी छोरीसँग विवाह गरेको अभिलेख राख्छ, र यो वंशलाई अझ पछाडि, तानसेनको सेनिया परम्परासँग जोड्छ। Musicians of India ले अझ साँघुरो सम्बन्ध अभिलेख गर्छ: मुश्ताक हुसेन खानले पहिले आफ्ना बुबा कल्लन खान र दाजु आशिक हुसेन खानसँग तालिम लिनुभयो, त्यसपछि इनायत हुसेन खानसँग अध्ययन गर्नुभयो र सेनिया गुरु वजीर खानबाट पनि पाठ लिनुभयो।

इन्डिया आर्ट रिभ्युले २०२४ मा राशिद खानको श्रद्धाञ्जलि लेखमा यस शैलीलाई ग्वालियर **गायकी**, अर्थात् गायन शैलीको नजिक राख्छ, जसमा मध्य-विलम्बित लय, गुन्जने स्वर र जटिल लयको खेल हुन्छ। Musicians of India निसार हुसेन खानलाई [तराना](/ne-int/vocal/hindustani-classical/tarana) गायनका विशेषज्ञ भन्छ।

यो वंश वंशज र विवाहमार्फत अघि बढ्छ। Musicians of India का अनुसार मुश्ताक हुसेन खानले धेरै विद्यार्थीलाई तालिम दिनुभयो, र उहाँले १९५२ मा राष्ट्रपति पुरस्कार र १९५७ मा पद्मभूषण पाउनुभयो। फिदा हुसेन खानका छोरा र शिष्य निसार हुसेन खानले बडौदा दरबारको सेवा गर्नुभयो र आफ्ना अन्तिम वर्ष कलकत्तास्थित एकेडेमीमा गुरुका रूपमा बिताउनुभयो। संस्थापकका पनाति राशिद खान बदायूँ जिल्लामा जन्मनुभएको थियो, र उहाँले मुम्बईमा आफ्ना काका वा मामा गुलाम मुस्तफा खानसँग सिक्न थाल्नुभयो। त्यसपछि मावलीतर्फबाट हजुरबुबा नाता पर्ने निसार हुसेन खानले उहाँलाई आधारभूत तालिम दिनुभयो, र राशिद खान अप्रिल १९८० मा एकेडेमीमा सामेल हुनुभयो।

### प्रमुख कलाकारहरू

- इनायत हुसेन खान, घरानाका संस्थापक
- मुश्ताक हुसेन खान, संस्थापकका ज्वाइँ, Musicians of India अनुसार १८८० देखि १९६४
- फिदा हुसेन खान, निसार हुसेन खानका बुबा र गुरु
- निसार हुसेन खान, तराना विशेषज्ञ र आईटीसी संगीत रिसर्च एकेडेमीका गुरु, १९०९ देखि १९९३
- गुलाम मुस्तफा खान, गायक र राशिद खानका पहिलो गुरु, १९३१ देखि २०२१
- राशिद खान, गायक र संस्थापकका पनाति, निधन २०२४

### स्रोतहरू

- Amal Das Sharma, Musicians of India (1993), Vijaya Parrikar Library ले पुनःप्रकाशित गरेअनुसार
- ITC Sangeet Research Academy, About ITC SRA: Gurus Who Built the Legacy
- KTP Radhika, India Art Review, राशिद खानको श्रद्धाञ्जलि लेख (2024)
- India TV News, राशिद खानको निधनसम्बन्धी समाचार (2024)
- गुलाम मुस्तफा खानको परिवार, परिवारको सम्पदासम्बन्धी विवरण



 

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 [  सेयर गर्नुहोस् ](/ne-int/share/term/348) 

 

 

###   मुख्य तथ्यहरू 

  प्रकार 

 Vocal Gharana 

 

  उत्पत्ति 

 Uttar Pradesh 

 

  Era 

 Early 19th century 

 

 

 

  

   

## Origins & History

 

Inayat Hussain Khan learned from Haddu Khan of the [Gwalior gharana](/ne-int/gharana/gwalior-gharana). By the account of Ghulam Mustafa Khan's family, he also married Haddu Khan's daughter, and the family traces the line further back, to **Tansen's Seniya tradition**. The family names the line the Sahaswan Rampur Gwalior gharana.

Amal Das Sharma's Musicians of India (1993) says **Mushtaq Hussain Khan** (1880 to 1964) trained first with his father Kallan Khan and his elder brother Ashiq Hussain Khan, then studied with Inayat Hussain Khan, his father-in-law, and took lessons from the Senia master Wazir Khan. Mushtaq Hussain Khan trained many students. He received a President's Award in 1952 and the Padma Bhushan in 1957.

Nisar Hussain Khan, son and disciple of Fida Hussain Khan, served the Baroda court of Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad. He became one of the gurus who built the **ITC Sangeet Research Academy** in Calcutta and spent his last years there. The Academy lists him under Sahaswan Gharana, and Ishtiaq Hussain Khan under Rampur Gharana. Used alone, the name Rampur gharana can also mean the instrumental Rampur Senia tradition.

 

> "one of the leading lights of the Rampur-Sahaswan vocal school"
> 
>   — Amal Das Sharma
> 
> Musicians of India (1993), on Mushtaq Hussain Khan

 

 

 

 

   

## ऐतिहासिक समयरेखा

 





 1952 

###  President's Award for Mushtaq Hussain Khan 

 Mushtaq Hussain Khan, the founder's son-in-law and pupil, receives a President's Award. The Padma Bhushan follows in 1957. 

 



 1980 

###  Rashid Khan joins the Academy 

 Rashid Khan, the founder's great-grandson, joins the ITC Sangeet Research Academy in Calcutta in April to train with his maternal grand-uncle Nisar Hussain Khan. 

 



 1991 

###  Padma Shri for Ghulam Mustafa Khan 

 Ghulam Mustafa Khan, Rashid Khan's uncle and first teacher, receives the Padma Shri on 26 January 1991. 

 



 2024 

###  Death of Rashid Khan 

 Rashid Khan dies on 9 January 2024, aged 55. He had received the Padma Shri in 2006 and the Padma Bhushan in 2022. 

 

 



 

   

## Lineage & Legacy

 

The guru-shishya tradition passed down through generations

 

The gharana's teaching ran inside one extended family, through descent and marriage. Inayat Hussain Khan taught his son-in-law Mushtaq Hussain Khan. In a later generation **Nisar Hussain Khan** taught at the ITC Sangeet Research Academy, and his maternal grand-nephew Rashid Khan, the founder's great-grandson, trained with him there after first learning from his uncle Ghulam Mustafa Khan.



### The founding generation

 

    

#### Inayat Hussain Khan

 

 

Founder

Founder of the gharana. He learned from Haddu Khan of the Gwalior gharana and taught his son-in-law Mushtaq Hussain Khan.

 

 

  Guru-Shishya Tradition 

### Pupils by marriage and descent

 

    

#### Mushtaq Hussain Khan

1880-1964

 

 

Vocalist and teacher

The founder's son-in-law and pupil, after early training with his father Kallan Khan. He also took lessons from the Senia master Wazir Khan, trained many students and received the Padma Bhushan in 1957.

 

    

#### Fida Hussain Khan

 

 

Vocalist and teacher

Father and teacher of Nisar Hussain Khan, who learned the Sahaswan-Rampur style from him.

 

 

  Guru-Shishya Tradition 

### Teachers of the 20th century

 

    

#### Nisar Hussain Khan

1909-1993

 

 

Vocalist and guru

Court musician at Baroda and a specialist in tarana singing. He was one of the gurus who built the ITC Sangeet Research Academy in Calcutta and taught there until his last years.

 

    

#### Ghulam Mustafa Khan

1931-2021

 

 

Vocalist and teacher

Studied under his family elders and received the Padma Shri in 1991. He was Rashid Khan's uncle and first teacher, in Mumbai.

 

 

  Guru-Shishya Tradition 

### The founder's great-grandson

 

    

#### Rashid Khan

Died 2024

 

 

Vocalist

The founder's great-grandson, born in Badaun district. He trained with Nisar Hussain Khan and joined the ITC Sangeet Research Academy in April 1980, and received the Padma Bhushan in 2022.

 

 

The gharana system is rooted in the guru-shishya (teacher-disciple) tradition, where musical knowledge and style are passed down through direct apprenticeship over three or more generations.

 

 

   

## Key exponents

 

- Inayat Hussain Khan, founder of the gharana
- Mushtaq Hussain Khan, the founder's son-in-law, 1880-1964
- Fida Hussain Khan, father and teacher of Nisar Hussain Khan
- Nisar Hussain Khan, tarana specialist and Academy guru, 1909-1993
- Ghulam Mustafa Khan, vocalist and Rashid Khan's first teacher, 1931-2021
- Rashid Khan, vocalist and the founder's great-grandson, died 2024
 
 

   

## सांगीतिक विशेषताहरू

 

Distinctive style, techniques, and aesthetic philosophy

 

###   Overall Style

KTP Radhika, writing in India Art Review in 2024, describes Rampur-Sahaswan singing as close to the **Gwalior gharana**, at medium-slow tempos with a resonant voice and intricate rhythmic play. Amal Das Sharma calls Nisar Hussain Khan a specialist in [tarana](/ne-int/vocal/hindustani-classical/tarana), a vocal form sung to rhythmic syllables. Ghulam Mustafa Khan's own singing, in the same author's view, shows the influence of Amir Khan of the Kirana gharana.



 

 

#### Near to Gwalior



KTP Radhika places the style close to Gwalior gayaki, or singing style. The founder himself learned from Haddu Khan of the Gwalior gharana.

 

 

#### Medium-slow tempos



In KTP Radhika's description, singers of the gharana take their khayals at medium-slow tempos with a resonant voice.

 

 

#### Tarana



Nisar Hussain Khan was a specialist in tarana singing, the form built on rhythmic syllables rather than words.

 

 

 

 

   

## Signature Repertoire

 

The gharana's repertoire is [khayal](/ne-int/vocal/hindustani-classical/khayal), with tarana as a strength of Nisar Hussain Khan. Its teachers handed it on in the family and at the ITC Sangeet Research Academy in Calcutta, where Nisar Hussain Khan taught Rashid Khan from 1980.



 

   

## Compare with Similar Gharanas

 

Understand how रामपुर-सहसवान घराना differs from other traditions

 

Select a Gharana to Compare:

 ग्वालियर घराना पटियाला घराना (ख़्याल) 

 

|  | रामपुर-सहसवान घराना   (Current) | ग्वालियर घराना   (Comparing) |
|---|---|---|
| प्रकार | Vocal | Vocal |
| उत्पत्ति | Uttar Pradesh | Gwalior |
| Era | Early 19th century | Late 18th century |
| Style | KTP Radhika, writing in India Art Review in 2024, describes Rampur-Sahaswan singing as close to the Gwalior gharana, at medium-slow tempos with a resonant voice and intricate rhythmic play. Amal Das Sharma calls Nisar Hussain Khan a specialist in tarana, a vocal form sung to rhythmic syllables. Ghulam Mustafa Khan's own singing, in the same author's view, shows the influence of Amir Khan of the Kirana gharana. | A Gwalior performance follows its composition. The singer sets out the bandish, the composed song, in its two parts, sthayi and antara, and builds the raga from that structure with the words kept in order. The alap, the unmetred opening, stays short, and the voice is open and full. The method as a whole goes by the name ashtang gayaki, singing built on eight elements. |

 [View ग्वालियर घराना Details  ](/ne-int/gharana/gwalior-gharana) 

 

|  | रामपुर-सहसवान घराना   (Current) | पटियाला घराना (ख़्याल)   (Comparing) |
|---|---|---|
| प्रकार | Vocal | Vocal |
| उत्पत्ति | Uttar Pradesh | Patiala, Punjab |
| Era | Early 19th century | Late 19th century |
| Style | KTP Radhika, writing in India Art Review in 2024, describes Rampur-Sahaswan singing as close to the Gwalior gharana, at medium-slow tempos with a resonant voice and intricate rhythmic play. Amal Das Sharma calls Nisar Hussain Khan a specialist in tarana, a vocal form sung to rhythmic syllables. Ghulam Mustafa Khan's own singing, in the same author's view, shows the influence of Amir Khan of the Kirana gharana. | Aditi Bhaskar describes Patiala singing as a convergence of the older Delhi, Gwalior and Jaipur gharanas, and Meenakshi Vashisth stresses its tie to Gwalior. Punjabi folk music, the tappa above all, shaped its taans and ornament. Its singers favour fast, fluid taans and complex layakari, rhythmic play, and the musicologist Shahbaz Ali says they sing from the chest. |

 [View पटियाला घराना (ख़्याल) Details  ](/ne-int/gharana/patiala-gharana-khayal) 

 

 

 

  

## Influence & Legacy

The founder taught beyond his family. The [Bhendibazaar gharana](/ne-int/gharana/bhendibazaar-gharana)'s three founding brothers trained with Inayat Hussain Khan before they settled in Bombay. Mushtaq Hussain Khan trained many students of his own, and Nisar Hussain Khan took the style to the ITC Sangeet Research Academy, where it reached Rashid Khan.



 

   

##  बारम्बार सोधिने प्रश्नहरू 

 

 

 

   What is the Rampur-Sahaswan gharana?    

The Rampur-Sahaswan gharana is a [khayal](/ne-int/vocal/hindustani-classical/khayal) school of Hindustani vocal music from Uttar Pradesh, named after two towns of the state. Inayat Hussain Khan founded it, and its line ran through his son-in-law Mushtaq Hussain Khan to Nisar Hussain Khan, Ghulam Mustafa Khan and Rashid Khan.



 

 

  

   Who founded the Rampur-Sahaswan gharana?    

Inayat Hussain Khan founded the gharana. He learned from Haddu Khan of the Gwalior gharana, and by the family's account married Haddu Khan's daughter. His son-in-law Mushtaq Hussain Khan studied with him, and his great-grandson Rashid Khan carried the line into the 21st century.



 

 

  

   Which musicians belong to the Rampur-Sahaswan gharana today?    

Rashid Khan, the founder's great-grandson, sang in the gharana until his death on 9 January 2024. He trained with his uncle Ghulam Mustafa Khan, who died in 2021, and then with Nisar Hussain Khan at the ITC Sangeet Research Academy in Calcutta.



 

 

  

   How is the Rampur-Sahaswan gharana related to the Gwalior gharana?    

The founder, Inayat Hussain Khan, learned from Haddu Khan of the [Gwalior gharana](/ne-int/gharana/gwalior-gharana), and by his family's account married Haddu Khan's daughter. KTP Radhika, writing in India Art Review, describes Rampur-Sahaswan singing as close to the Gwalior gharana, at medium-slow tempos with a resonant voice.



 

 

  

   Why is the gharana named after both Rampur and Sahaswan?    

The name joins two towns of Uttar Pradesh, Rampur and Sahaswan. Institutions also use the parts alone: the ITC Sangeet Research Academy lists Nisar Hussain Khan under Sahaswan Gharana and Ishtiaq Hussain Khan under Rampur Gharana, and Amal Das Sharma's Musicians of India uses Sahaswan-Rampur.



 

 

  

   Is the Rampur-Sahaswan gharana the same as the Rampur Senia gharana?    

No. Rampur-Sahaswan is a khayal school of singers, while the name Rampur gharana used alone can mean the instrumental Rampur Senia tradition. The two touch at one point: Mushtaq Hussain Khan took lessons from the Senia master Wazir Khan. The family of Ghulam Mustafa Khan traces its line to Tansen's Seniya tradition.



 

 

  

   What are the defining features of Rampur-Sahaswan gayaki?    

KTP Radhika describes the gayaki, or singing style, as close to Gwalior, at medium-slow tempos with a resonant voice and intricate rhythmic play. Tarana, a form sung to rhythmic syllables, was the specialism of Nisar Hussain Khan, one of the gharana's 20th-century gurus.



 

 

  

   Which gharana did Rashid Khan belong to?    

Rashid Khan belonged to the Rampur-Sahaswan gharana and was the great-grandson of its founder, Inayat Hussain Khan. Born in Badaun district, he learned first from his uncle Ghulam Mustafa Khan in Mumbai and then from his maternal grand-uncle Nisar Hussain Khan.



 

 

  

 

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